The beginning of a Training Event is equally important as the end of the Training Event. Why? Because at the start you are stating that you are qualified and competent to deliver the training and at the end you have to ensure that your delegates are happy with what they have learnt and if it was an emotional training event that you have handled the event correctly.
So how do we ensure that the beginning of a Training Event ‘takes off’ well? Being well organised and prepared in advance goes a long way to ensure the start is flawless. By being organised and prepared you are already establishing your credentials as a competent trainer. We also have a tool that we can use – Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs. Abraham Maslow developed his model in the 1940s in the USA and it remains valid today to understand human motivation, management training and personal development. Since the development of his original 5 point model others have added, adapted and renamed areas. His original model is useful to us as trainers as it provides a good place to start our training events. Maslow’s original model is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, Source: www.businessballs.com
The first level, Biological and Physiological Needs your delegates will subconsciously be thinking about when they enter the room. This is especially true if you are using a new venue or are running an Induction course. The same is true of the second level, Safety Needs, and the third level, Belongingness and Love Needs.
The Second level the delegates will think about as soon as they enter the training room. They will look for an exit, remember this is done subconsciously and they may not be aware of it. They will look for the nearest exit, a window or a door and sit either close to it or where they can see it. After they have chosen their seat they set out their space. The space they use is roughly from the back of their chair to the front of their table and about shoulder width wide. This is if you are using a horse shoe layout. They then start to think about where the toilets are, when and where breaks are and what is available.
Next they look around the room at their fellow delegates and decide where they fit in in the group and make assumptions about their colleagues. This all happens before you have even opened your mouth to welcome them.
The way in which we use Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is to first of all welcome the delegates and introduce ourselves and confirm the Training Event that they are on. We should then cover the domestics of the venue, this includes
- Fire Exits – directions to
- Toilets – directions and location
- Breaks – time and location
- Smoking Policy – where they can and cannot
- Timings of the day or days depending on the length of the course
You can include your rules on mobile phones and if you wish you can ask to group for some ground rules for the duration of the course. This will add to their Safety Needs level.
This has the first two levels covered. The next level to cover is Belongingness and we do this with an Ice Breaker so that everyone gets involved and gets to know one another. This is especially useful on an Induction and it helps you as a trainer get to know everyone and to include their life experiences in your training. It can also assist you in tailoring the training a little more to their ability and needs. If you are doing a presentation course or train the trainer course you can get your delegates to stand in front of the group with a flipchart and present their information back. This will really help you to understand who is comfortable in front of a group and who is not so it covers two purposes at once.
So now we have covered three levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and your delegates should be settled and comfortable. The forth level is hopefully achieved during the course and fifth level after the course.
Once you have covered the first three levels it does not mean that that is it. You may have to revisit each of them throughout the course before an exercise or after feedback as the group will go up and down levels 1 – 3 during the course as you expand their comfort levels.
So that is the beginning. The end of a Training Event is equally as important and you must design in and allow for a correct ending. Why? If your event has been an emotional one, the delegates have learnt a new skill or discovered things about themselves, it is our job to ensure that they are comfortable with their new skill or new discoveries to leave our safe environment and use them in the real world. How much time you need depends on each group and how their journey was in the Training Event. To gauge where and how a group is performing in its development we can use Tuckman’s Theory of Team Behaviour and Stages. Tuckman’s model follows the development of a group as follows
- Forming
- Storming
- Norming
- Performing
- Mourning/Ending
The Forming stage is where the group relies heavily on a leader, in this case the Trainer, for guidance and direction. The Trainer must be prepared to answer lots of questions and the trainer is tested for tolerance by the group.
At the Storming stage decisions do not come easily to the group and team members are finding their position in the group. Compromises maybe needed to advance the group.
Once in the Norming stage agreement and consensus forms largely amongst the team and they respond well to facilitation by the trainer. Their roles and responsibilities are becoming clear and accepted. They start to engage in fun activities.
The Performing stage is where the team knows why it is doing what it is doing and understands the strategic value of the task. At this stage the group is able to stand on its own with little input from the Trainer. The team also start to look after each other.
These are the original levels of Tuckman’s model. The final stage is Mourning or Ending. This is important if the group have made strong ties or been dependant on each other. If it is an induction a lot of the friendships made on the course will continue in the work place and beyond so it is important that as trainers we allow people the time to ‘stop’ being involved. It can take a while for everyone to leave and some may hang back to have a discussion or to ask further questions. You need to allow this to happen in order for the group to ‘end’ properly.
In Training, if you don’t allow the group to settle first and then cover the basic needs with the domestics – even if you are training people you have trained before in the same room – then your group will not settle and you will have a very tough Training Event. Equally, if you do not end it well and allow people time to say goodbye and come to natural conclusion of the training they will feel unwanted and any enjoyment they had on the course will be lost instantly.
AiTraining Consultancy runs a one day Presentation Course and a Three day Train the Trainer course. For more information on these courses and other services that AiTraining Consultancy provides visit www.aitraining.net or call +44 (0) 20 328 65165 or email andy@aitraining.net